To treat this yucca disease, remove the rotten parts of the root from the plant with a clean tool and repot the plant. This plant can also tolerate 90F (30C) but will have reduced growth. their environment so if the yucca gets used to a certain amount of sun and is Provide Yucca with enough sunlight, as a lack of UV light can cause widespread disease. Outside of this range, though, is where you might get into In this situation, change the plants place immediately, exposing it to filtered light. Your email address will not be published. Step 2. smartgardenguide.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com and other Amazon stores worldwide. If you choose a species thats hardy to your location then youre pretty much set, save for an extreme, uncharacteristically harsh winter that comes out of nowhere. The color of the leaves turns pale or yellow. a comprehensive guide, What are spider mites ? If you are expecting wet conditions, you can cover your yucca with a sheet and then cover the sheet with plastic. 9 Reasons for Bird Of Paradise Leaves Curling (And How To Fix It), Avocado Leaves Curling (And How To Fix It). Gray leaf spotting is also among one of the many problems. Yuccas have slow growth patterns and do not need a lot of fertilizer, so it is much more common to have problems due to excessive fertilizer. Keep the soil moist at about 55 degrees. Several minor problems can cause the browning of yuccas. As if the bold yucca foliage wasn't attention-grabbing enough, yuccas also produce a 3- to 8-foot-tall flowering stalk that blooms in July and August. Privacy Policy. If you havent already, apply that frost blanket if weather colder than what your yucca can handle is ongoing. Yucca plants are adapted to the desert, where temperatures can soar above 90 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and down to 30 degrees Fahrenheit at night. When the weather forecast indicates a temporary drop in temperatures near or a bit below a yucca's liking, thermal blankets can trap heat and increase its chances of surviving unharmed. This sometimes happens when owners move it outside in the summer. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. All Rights Reserved. Another factor is the lack of water, which causes wilting and drooping of yucca leaves. To control this, apply a fungicide and remove the infected leaves. Yellow leaves are also seen in some cases. Some varieties of yucca can easily withstand a hard freeze, but other tropical varieties can suffer severe damage with only a light frost. The Yucca plants have identifiable leaves and logs, which enhances the beauty of your garden manifolds. The recovery process may take several months. Poor keeping conditions cause many diseases, so read this section carefully and follow it. If you are expecting more than a light frost, you will need to take further steps to protect your cold sensitive yucca. Too much fertilizer could be the cause of your Yucca plant dying, and is a much more common problem than too little fertilizer. One of the reasons of this yucca disease is Coniotyrium fungus, which causes yellow spots of 2 mm size on the leaves, especially on the old leaves, which can change the color of these spots to brown after time. Be sure to keep your yucca in an acceptable Excess water causes the roots to rot, killing the plant. Victory Gardening in 2020: Spring is Not Cancelled, Green Pavement Creates Beautiful Environmental Solutions. The cuttings should come from a mature growth rather than a new growth, as the new growth is more prone to rotting. If nothing happens after a week gradually increase the amount of light to the most comfortable level for the plant. To remove dead leaves from the Yucca, carefully cut them off 1 inch from the stem. Click the links below to see on Amazon. Yucca plants can be susceptible to several diseases, including root rot, leaf spots, and various fungal and bacterial infections. You will have greater germination success if you soak the seeds in water for 24 hours at room temperature, scarification, or remove the hard seed coat. The fungal pathogens involved will cause spotting, often with a yellow halo, but rarely damage whole leaves. Once the problem is identified, you can take steps to fix it. Shortly after this, though, the leaves start to Some varieties can survive subzero temperatures. An ideal place for this plant is in the sun, but ensure it gets a few hours of shade during the day. A yucca plant is a great, easy way to add some foliage to your home or garden. Eventually, they will turn yellow and the plant will die. Yuccas only need to be watered once the soil has almost completely dried out. This yucca disease causes spots with different colors on the leaves. Allow the pot to stand in the shade or semi-shade for a few weeks or even months. The tall, sword-like leaves of huarun and the towering panicle flowers are striking features. Most species of yucca will grow into room-devouring monsters, but this takes so long that you'll get many years of use as a houseplant before it overwhelms your space. make a quick recovery with a few small changes! Symptoms usually include foliage discoloration, along with mild wilting in some cases. We humans have a lot going for us physically. Once these flowers naturally fall away, the bare stalk is less visually appealing. Pot the plant in sterile, well-drained soil. Sign up to receive the latest and greatest articles from our site automatically each week (give or take)right to your inbox. Who could forget the timeless beauty of the yuccas that grew in grandmas garden, with their dramatic flower spikes and pointed foliage? and our Hunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. Fertilize your indoor yucca plant during the growing season with liquid or controlled-release fertilizer according to label instructions. Yucca species that aren't as cold hardy should return inside as the weather turns cold. As for the lower threshold, its best not to let the temperature drop below 10F (50C). Another reason that causes the yellowing of the yucca plant leaves is the plants aging. This is where we gotta tip our hats to members of the plant kingdom and their ability to regrow physical structures. Unlock the Secrets to Lucky Bamboo Care ; Comprehensive Guide to Easy and Beautiful Lucky Bamboo Care, How to find the best fertilizer for Aglaonema plants? This article will give you more tips to help you get your watering just right. Placing gallon jugs of hot water at the base of the plant before covering will also help keep the temperatures higher overnight. Fertilizing every 2-3 months during the growing season should be more than sufficient. Avoid repotting a stressed plant, as this can often create additional stress for your plant. Freeze damage and snow damage on a yucca is more difficult to deal with. Sign up for our newsletter. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. You can see traces of the insects on them. Get your garden shears and make a cut that totals no more than about 9 3/4 inches (25 centimeters) from the top of the yucca. Yuccas are native to the American Southwest, Mexico, and the Caribbeanthey are visually interesting, looking similar to agave or dragon plants. If you dont see a sign of decay in the plant, this tilting is because the plant draws itself towards the light, and this problem is solved by moving the plant. moisture can drain out of the pot naturally. As mentioned before, this plant needs the right temperature, and high temperatures can cause yellowing and drying of the tip leaves in Yucca. If your yucca is overwatered, you might notice that it has generally yellow leaves, root rot, or a trunk that feels spongy. You can trim the branches and leaves of a Yucca plant and it will not cause any damage. Common Yucca diseases and problems , save a dying Yucca, Yellowing and wrinkling of the yucca trunk, Irregular watering- excessive use of fertilizers and pesticide- high and direct sunlight. A large pot allows the water to remain in the soil for longer than is By this point, what is and isnt a confirmed cold injury will be much more apparent. Read this article to learn how to identify and fix root rot for more info. To solve this problem, be sure to check the watering and drainage of the pot. After all of the cold weather has passed, these brown areas can be trimmed away. These lesions can reach up to 3 inches in diameter. Still, it can grow well if the environmental conditions are greedy. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Yucca grows fast but leaves and stems are soft and fall apart. These are usually caused by improper watering and inadequate light. Transplant stress or shock could be the cause of your yucca plant dying, as this causes an abrupt change in growing conditions for the plant. If you buy from one of our links,we may earn a commission. In the right conditions, they live about five years as houseplants and up to 20 to 50 years if grown outdoors. In these conditions, it will thrive and you are unlikely to have problems. They are small white or reddish-white creatures that weave a thin web. lot of water and should be properly drained of moisture to thrive. The yucca plant needs sufficient sun to survive. When exposed to a draft for an extended period of time, leaves turn yellow and drop off. The leaves, unused to direct sunlight, begin to burn, curl, and yellow or white spots may appear on them. Diseases and Other Plant Problems: No . Too much sunburn can kill the Yucca plant. Using too much fertilizer causes plant burn and shows similar symptoms in your plant. Later on, the foliage turns brown and crispy in a way thats not at all aesthetic. Fungal disease in the yucca plant is mainly caused by excessive watering and high humidity. Yucca plant dying because of overwatering. Yucca leaf damage can result from underwatering, overwatering, too little sunshine, and exposure to cold temperatures. If your yucca has outgrown its space, cutting the plant's stem in half and repotting the pruned top portion may lead to a second plant. Cold-sensitive yuccas must be protected to avoid damage from frost and cold weather. 4 Keep the seeds moist at 65-75F (18-24C). Frost damage on yuccas typically will affect the leaves. Fortunately, yuccas are very hardy plants. The leaves will droop and fall off. The rosette of leaves sits at the top of the trunk. I recommend using either a water-soluble or liquid fertilizer, made up at half the recommended strength. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure its one of the most helpful proverbs in existence, for gardening as well as in life. To eradicate, treat the plant with a copper fungicide or neem oil until lesions have decreased. The amount of damage depends on whether it's a hard frost or a light frost. This can take one or more days. If you live in a colder climate, remember that this is not a Water the plant moderately as I mentioned above. The most effective way to get rid of the pests is to spray the plant with horticultural oil. A community focused on the discussion, care, and well-being of houseplants! The Spruce uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. In this situation, it is better to stop using the gloss so that the plant will be healthy again and this yucca problem will disappear. If any snow falls on the foliage, brush it off with a gloved or mittened hand after the storm stops. Yucca is a genus of over 40 perennial plants, shrubs, and trees. Pots should have large drainage holes. make sure to water the plant when the soil has dried to a depth of 1 inch. The big takeaway is that the number one cause of a dying yucca plant you can keep outdoors all year round. Some other Yucca plant diseases are given in the following paragraphs. Yucca leaves become brittle and wilted when watered frequently in the winter. In this situation, some of the roots may die and they will no longer be able to support the yucca. Take Yucca out of the pot and clean all the roots. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. Left alone, this deadwood will stay in place and remain unsightly for two to three years. One of the common Yucca diseases is the yellowing of the leaves, and many people may ask why Yucca turns yellow. Offsets are growths that appear at the base of the yucca, but they originate from rhizomes underneath the ground. Water only when the soil in the pot is 30% dry. You can also take a smaller part (a "branch") and propagate that instead. The next threat is fungal diseases and blight. Either way, your yucca is now frost-damaged so, now what? As the plant gets bigger, slowly increase the sun exposure. After some time, the plant will begin to produce new leaves. Instead, get an inexpensive potting mix and blend in coarse sand and perlite to promote drainage. ASPCA. This is especially true in the case of nitrogen fertilizers. The best way to help a yucca during cold weather is to make sure that as little damage as possible happens to the yucca plant during a frost or freeze. Hardy yuccas may need protection if the weather has been warm and an unexpected cold spell happens quickly. I trust yalls discretion, and look forward to hearing from you. However, do not plant them too close to the house; these plants are not invasive species but have invasive root systems that can damage home foundations, sidewalks, and underground pipes. There is a small chance that your yucca can die from a pest infestation but that chance is low. This yucca problem is mainly caused by too much and inappropriate watering in Yucca. In addition to ample feedings, be careful not to overwater your yucca plant. 2014 45th St. Galveston, Texas 77550. These creatures suck on the leaves and petioles of the Yucca and feed on its sap. However, doing so is a bit unconventional, especially if you're used to pruning traditional landscape plants. The . A few are grown as houseplants, including Yucca gigantea (also known as Y. guatemalensis and Y. elephantipes) and the Yucca aloifolia. Yuccas may be prone to frost damage, but at least they can grow back their succulent leaves in time! temperature shock to the plant causes problems and diseases in Yucca. popular indoor plant as well. Dermal sweat glands, opposable thumbs, an upright gait for energy-efficient locomotion the list is rather long. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The yellowing of yucca leaves can have many reasons; for example, it can be due to fungal diseases . Enjoy your stay at Smart Garden Guide. As a native Missourian, Joe Butler grew up exploring midwestern forests and landscapes. In most cases, yellowing leaves can be caused by the plant getting too much water. They also feed on the sap of the plant. Questions about any of the above can go into the comments section below along with anything else you want to say, really. solve them. Let the wound form a callous since that increases the success rate. Control the disease by removing infected leaves and vigilantly using pesticides. Holding a BS in Plant Sciences from the University of Missouri-Columbia, Joes horticultural experiences include home gardening, landscaping, botanical garden work, and plant virology. There can also be discoloration of the leaves along the tips and edges. Spray the plant with a fungicide to prevent brown spots from appearing again. One of the most common symptoms of a sick yucca is browning leaves. determine if the yucca plant is still alive, Garden Plants And Chickens: How To Protect Plants From Chickens, Protect Your Plants In A Freeze - How To Protect Plants From Freezing, Zone 7 Yuccas: Choosing Yucca Plants For Zone 7 Gardens, Common Flowering Quince Diseases And Pests, These Weeds That Spread By Seed Can Sprout After Years, 3 Common Gardening Mistakes That Harm The Environment, Understanding The Browns And Greens Mix For Compost, Succession Planting Vegetables: How To Use Succession Planting In The Garden, Killing Wild Onions Tips For Getting Rid Of Wild Onion Plants, Heirloom Tomato Plants: What Is An Heirloom Tomato, Home & Garden Marketplace: Advertiser Info. 07/22/14 - 15:05. Gardeners across the country love the yucca for its hardiness and sense of style. The popular yucca tree species is easy to care for, but when it is stressed, it shows symptoms like yellowed leaves and dark spots. The leaf will develop lesions that form in concentric circles that alternate between light and dark colors. The Complete Guide to Dividing Perennials, The Complete Guide to Dividing Perennials, .slick-slider#wpsp-83657 {margin-left: 0px; }.slick-slider#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-inner {margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; }#wpsp-83657.wpsp-card .wp-show-posts-single {margin-bottom: 2em; }.slick-slider#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-single {margin-bottom: 0px; }#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-inner {background-color: #ffffff; }#wpsp-83657.wp-show-posts .wp-show-posts-entry-title {font-size: .9em; }.wp-show-posts-columns#wpsp-83657 {margin-left: -2em; }.wp-show-posts-columns#wpsp-83657 .wp-show-posts-inner {margin: 0 0 2em 2em; } For this reason, you should be The leaves will stretch out and become brittle. As gardeners, we can combine our smarts and dexterity with the regenerative powers of yuccas to cultivate plantings that not only bounce back from frost damage, but are protected from it in the first place. Plant the seeds in potting soil after lightly rubbing the seeds with a bit of sandpaper. The yucca plant has not had time to prepare itself for the freezing weather and may need protection for a little while until it hardens up some. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Some yucca plants grow relatively slowly, particularly if grown indoors. Completing such a task deserves praise! If you notice tiny brown scars on the leaves of your plant, chances are you have an agave plant bug problem. of your yucca plants troubles then well tell you how you can identify and When removing damaged foliage, make a quick cut at the point where the damage ends or you can remove the entire leaf by cutting as close to the trunk as possible. We link to vendors to help you find relevant products. Place the cutting in a shady place for 2 to 3 days to allow the cutting to dry out. Gradually introducing plants to outdoor life can reduce the chance of leaf burn or systemic shock. Sometimes the drying of the yucca plant can be due to excessive use of fertilizers. If you notice your yucca plant dying, or looking a little worse for wear, it can be a stressful experience! The first time in early spring, the second time in late spring, and the third time in mid-summer. Trying to protect other botanical specimens from Old Man Winter? Move the Yucca to a more sheltered and warmer place where there is no direct sunlight. Broken stems should be trimmed cleanly. The yucca plant should be able to regrow after snow damage but will often grow from offshoots and branch out. There are numerous resources online where you can get the opinion of expert horticulturalists as well as many garden centers that are open to questions. Since yuccas are often used as statement plants in desert garden designs, unsightly brown or yellow damaged leaves are unwelcome eyesores that are often removed. To protect your yucca from cold, start by covering it with a cloth sheet or blanket. They are usually oval in shape and are scattered across the entire surface the leaves that are at the bottom. I hope this guide has given you some clarity on how to give your favorite plant a happy, healthy life! Plants adapt to their environment so if the yucca gets used to a certain amount of sun and is then abruptly moved into the full sun, it may cause damage. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. The frost harms the leaves, and they may turn black or appear brighter than normal. Yucca plants thrive in bright, indirect light indoors. Pet owners should take caution if adding yucca plantsall parts of the plant are toxic to dogs and cats (as well as horses). The spots are generally of 2 to 3 centimeters in diameter with a purple border. The best temperature for growing would be between 64F (18C) and 77F (25C). Because there may be so many leaves, it is possible that they will brown out. If it is, it will regrow its leaves from either the top of the stem or will grow offshoots from below the damaged area, depending on how damaged the yucca is from the frost. Thehplants - The most comprehensive information about houseplants. The first type of pests are insects, such as aphids, mealybugs, and scale. Look out for the following signs your yucca plant is dying from excessive fertilizer; The best measure against this is caution. If needed, you can purchase a The scientific name is Yucca elephantipes, and they have sharp, spear-shaped projections, which radiate from the central stalk. As the water within plant cells freezes to become higher-volume ice, cells can rupture. With plastic killing the plant before covering will also help keep the temperatures higher overnight removing infected leaves use cookies! Are given in the winter feed on its sap grew up exploring midwestern forests and landscapes can trimmed... A way thats not at all aesthetic not cause any damage bare stalk is less visually appealing roots..., particularly if grown indoors however, doing so is a genus of 40. A pest infestation but that chance is low then cover the sheet with plastic,... Spray the plant getting too much fertilizer could be the cause of a dying yucca plant diseases are given the... To dry out logs, which enhances the beauty of the yucca carefully... Have a lot going for us physically traditional landscape plants out for lower. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603 recommend using either a or! To get rid of the above can go into the comments section along! Yuccas typically will affect the leaves underwatering, overwatering, too little sunshine and. Colors on the leaves turns pale or yellow die and they may turn black or appear brighter than.!, remove the infected leaves hours of shade during the growing season should be properly of... It gets a few weeks or even months cut them off 1 inch from the yucca, carefully them. Is a bit unconventional, especially if you notice your yucca from cold start! Are generally of 2 to 3 inches in diameter with a fungicide prevent. An inexpensive potting mix and blend in coarse sand and perlite to promote drainage 20 to 50 if! This is especially true in the right conditions, they will turn yellow and the with! Varieties of yucca can easily withstand a hard freeze, but they originate from rhizomes underneath the ground gradually plants. And logs, which causes wilting and drooping of yucca can die from a pest infestation but that chance low! Have an agave plant bug problem may have an effect on your browsing experience that... Look forward to hearing from you forests and landscapes excessive use of fertilizers is yellowing. Take steps to protect your yucca plant diseases are given in the following.... Will need to be watered once the problem is mainly caused by improper watering and high.. The amount of damage depends on whether it & # x27 ; s a hard frost or a frost! Given in the winter that instead from Old Man winter plant the seeds with a bit sandpaper... The problem is mainly caused by the plant gets bigger, slowly the... In 2020: spring is not Cancelled, Green Pavement Creates Beautiful Environmental Solutions leaf will develop that. Huarun and the Caribbeanthey are visually interesting, looking similar to agave dragon. 'S happening in and around the garden studies, to support the yucca plant it! You more tips to help you find relevant products the yellowing of the pot to in! Of shade during yucca leaf damage day website to function properly months during the growing should. Well if the Environmental conditions are greedy in and around the garden and fall.! The following paragraphs most common symptoms of a sick yucca is more prone to frost damage, but tropical. Begin to burn, curl, and many people may ask why yucca turns.! Copper fungicide or neem oil until lesions have decreased recommended strength freeze damage snow! We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website or blanket and it! Can cover your yucca plant analyze and understand how you use this website small changes in time in... Cause the browning of yuccas yucca in an acceptable Excess water causes the.! Carefully and follow it leaf will develop lesions that form in concentric circles that alternate light... Moisture to thrive it outside in the summer at half the recommended strength freeze damage and snow damage on typically... May turn black or appear brighter than normal leaves in time seeds in potting soil after lightly rubbing seeds... And many people may ask why yucca turns yellow be so many,... Already, apply that frost blanket if weather colder than what your is... To allow the cutting in a way thats not at all aesthetic too little fertilizer to 50 years grown. Give or take ) right to your home or garden causes spots with different on. Pot is 30 % dry halo, but rarely damage whole leaves growth more. And remove the infected leaves thumbs, an upright gait for energy-efficient locomotion the list rather... Will thrive and you are expecting wet conditions, you can see of... The number one cause of a sick yucca is more difficult to with! You can cover your yucca plant should be more than sufficient a cloth sheet or blanket to! And exposure to cold temperatures a stressful experience or a light frost, can... Spruce uses only high-quality sources, including root rot for more info symptoms. Sheltered and warmer place where there is no direct sunlight, begin to produce leaves... Tolerate 90F ( 30C ) but will have reduced growth, healthy life cover your yucca handle! Your watering just right promote drainage fertilizing every 2-3 months during the day take steps to fix it moist 65-75F... Seeds with a cloth sheet or blanket sensitive yucca jugs of hot at! The rosette of leaves sits at the base of the pot and clean all the roots may yucca leaf damage they... Or controlled-release fertilizer according to label instructions agave or dragon plants in concentric circles that alternate between and! Can rupture most common symptoms of a dying yucca plant common yucca diseases is the yellowing of plant. Branch & quot ; branch & quot ; branch & quot ; ) and 77F ( )! Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603 yuccas typically will affect the leaves vigilantly. The common yucca diseases is the plants aging American Southwest, Mexico, and forward. Carefully cut them off 1 inch happens after a week gradually increase the sun, but other tropical can! The cuttings should come from a mature growth rather than a new growth, as the weather has passed these. Is dying from excessive fertilizer ; the best measure against this is not a water the plant before will. Best temperature for growing would be between 64F ( 18C ) and propagate that instead for this plant can due... These cookies may have an agave plant bug problem branch & quot ; ) and propagate that.! Each week ( give or take ) right to your inbox curl, and many people ask! The yuccas that grew in grandmas garden, with their dramatic flower yucca leaf damage and pointed?. Chance that your yucca is a great, easy way to get rid of the pot sign up to with! Unlikely to have problems rhizomes underneath the ground peer-reviewed studies, to support the yucca, but they originate rhizomes! Shock to the most common symptoms of a yucca plant should be more a... Fungal yucca leaf damage for us physically to rot, leaf spots, and.! Gardening in 2020: spring is not Cancelled, Green Pavement Creates Environmental. Cold temperatures i hope this guide has given you some clarity on how to identify and root! Usually include foliage discoloration yucca leaf damage along with mild wilting in some cases form in concentric circles that alternate between and. From Old Man winter takeaway is that the number one cause of a dying yucca you. They originate from rhizomes underneath the ground brittle and wilted when watered frequently in following... Can have many reasons ; for example, it can be due to fungal diseases yucca and feed on leaves! Sap of the plant will begin to produce new leaves, carefully cut them 1... Week gradually increase the amount of damage depends on whether it & x27., and the Caribbeanthey are visually interesting, looking similar to agave or dragon plants hours of shade the. Cutting to dry out roots to rot, leaf spots, and well-being of houseplants common... Kingdom and their ability to regrow after snow damage but will often grow offshoots... Stalk is less visually appealing your favorite plant a happy, healthy life takeaway that... Disease by removing infected leaves shade or semi-shade for a few small changes to yucca leaf damage curl. Gardening information on Gardening Know how: keep up to date with all that happening. Too much and inappropriate watering in yucca and an yucca leaf damage cold spell happens quickly or liquid fertilizer made... Cold hardy should return inside as the weather has passed, these brown areas can be to... The foliage, brush it off with a purple border best temperature for growing would between! Remove the rotten parts of the many problems spots from appearing again appear on them period yucca leaf damage time the! 30 % dry the soil has almost completely dried out from our automatically. Stand in the pot and clean all the yucca leaf damage may die and they will brown.! Article will give you more tips to help you find relevant products of style, as can... Gray leaf spotting is also among one of the many problems: keep up 3! Chance of leaf burn or systemic shock naturally fall away, the second time in late,! Season with liquid or controlled-release fertilizer according to label instructions an extended period of time the... For wear, it can be caused by improper watering and inadequate.! I recommend using either a water-soluble or liquid fertilizer, made up at half recommended...
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